Pico tattoo removal is a method of erasing tattoos using a picosecond laser. However, even with the same picosecond laser, the procedure is not singular.
Nd:YAG Tattoo Removal, Pico-Frectat, and R-Zero. Let's look at how these three differ, in order.
Where Nd:YAG Tattoo Removal Stops
Nd:YAG Tattoo Removal is a method of irradiating the tattoo with a picosecond laser. The principle itself is simple.
However, because a white bubble layer forms after irradiation, only one treatment can be performed per visit. The other two methods are answers to how to overcome this limitation.
Pico-Frectat First Creates Passages
Pico-Frectat treatment is performed in stages.
- First, a fractional beam is irradiated to create microscopic holes.
- These holes secure space for bubbles to escape.
- After 5 minutes, a second Pico tattoo removal laser is irradiated.
- This breaks down pigment particles even more finely.
This method complements the limitation of Nd:YAG Tattoo Removal, which could only be performed once at a time.
R-Zero Erases Bubbles and Re-enters
The R-Zero treatment method involves breaking down tattoo pigment with a PicoWay Laser, then applying a special medication to remove the bubble layer.
Once the bubble layer disappears, re-irradiation is possible. Up to 4 laser passes can be performed in a single session, making this an advancement beyond Pico-Frectat.
The Three Methods in a Table
| Method | How Bubbles are Handled | Irradiations per Visit |
|---|---|---|
| Nd:YAG Tattoo Removal | No special treatment | 1 |
| Pico-Frectat | Fractional beam creates exit passages, re-irradiation after 5 minutes | 2 stages |
| R-Zero | Special medication removes bubble layer | Up to 4 |
Treatment configurations are detailed in R-Zero Pico-Frectat Tattoo Removal Guide, and other types of methods are summarized in Nd:YAG Tattoo Removal.
Scope of R-Zero Application
When treated with the R-Zero method, skin damage can be minimized, and the number of removal sessions may be somewhat shortened. The range of application is broad.
It can be applied to all tattoos, including lettering, black and white, color, mini, large, and semi-permanent eyebrow tattoos.
Which Method to Choose
The appropriate method varies depending on the size and color composition of the tattoo, as well as your skin condition. We recommend discussing which of the three methods is best for you and why during a consultation. Individual results may vary.
The overall treatment flow can be found in Tattoo Removal Treatment Guide.
Authored and Medically Reviewed by Chief Director Dr. Lee Sang-Joo (Board-Certified Dermatologist) Graduated from Yonsei University College of Medicine · Ph.D. in Medicine from Graduate School · Dermatology Resident at Severance Hospital Currently Adjunct Professor, Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University College of Medicine · Former Chief of Dermatology, National Police Hospital President of the Korean Dermatological Association in 2026 View Medical Staff Profile
First Published 2025-04-18 · Last Reviewed 2026-07-29
This article contains general medical information and does not substitute for individual diagnosis and treatment. Results and recovery progress may vary by individual.