Small bumps that appear on the face or body are often likely to be various benign skin tumors such as milium, syringoma, warts, skin tags, or seborrheic keratosis. Even if these skin lesions look similar on the surface, their causes and treatment methods differ, so it is important to receive appropriate treatment through accurate diagnosis. Today, we will learn about the characteristics of various benign skin tumors and effective treatment methods with a dermatologist.
Bumps on the Face: What Are They? Distinguishing Milium, Flat Warts, and Seborrheic Keratosis
Many people are concerned about small white bumps smaller than millet or skin-colored bumps on their face. These can primarily be milium, flat warts, or seborrheic keratosis.
Milium
Milium are characterized by being slightly whiter than the skin color and appearing like hard, millet-sized bumps. They mainly occur around the eyes and are known to form when sebum glands are blocked, causing keratin clusters to accumulate. In dermatology, removal by extraction is common. Since they rarely disappear naturally, removal is recommended if they cause discomfort.
Flat Warts and Warts
If they appear as skin-colored or slightly raised forms, they could be flat warts or common warts. Since warts are a viral disease, leaving them untreated can cause them to spread to other areas. Therefore, it is advisable to treat them as soon as they are discovered. Wart tissue is removed through laser treatment, and immune therapy may be combined as needed.
Seborrheic Keratosis
Lesions that appear as brown or black raised spots with age are likely seborrheic keratosis. Skin aging and UV exposure are known to be the main causes. The number can be reduced with laser treatment, and consistent use of sunscreen is important to reduce recurrence.
Milium and Syringoma, Common Around the Eyes: How Do They Differ?
Syringoma and milium, which mainly occur under the eyes, are often confused because they look similar on the surface. They often appear together.
- Milium: Primarily appears as white, raised sebum clusters under the eyes.
- Syringoma: Primarily appears as small, skin-colored bumps under the eyes, and their deep roots make treatment challenging.
Syringoma are known to be difficult to treat because their roots are deep and they can easily cause scars if mishandled. However, satisfactory cosmetic results can be achieved through specialized treatment. Specialized laser procedures such as high-frequency insulated needles like Agnes or the Pinhole Technique may be used. Agnes delivers heat inside the skin to destroy the roots, while the Pinhole Technique removes tissue from the surface. While recurrence is possible with any treatment, choosing the appropriate method can lower the recurrence rate. There are no clear research results yet indicating that the use of eye cream or petroleum jelly is a direct cause of syringoma or milium.
Warts are skin diseases caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), and treatment is often challenging. In particular, plantar warts that occur on the soles of the feet are even more difficult to treat because they grow deep inward due to pressure from body weight.
For plantar warts, considering a treatment period of about 3 months, the cure rate is approximately 60-70%. This means that about two out of three people improve within 3 months, but the remaining one may require treatment for longer.
There are various wart treatment methods:
- Cryotherapy: A method that uses liquid nitrogen to freeze and necrotize wart tissue.
- Electrocautery: A method that uses electrical energy to burn and remove wart tissue.
- Laser Treatment: A method that uses a laser to precisely remove wart tissue. It is sometimes reported to be safer than cryotherapy.
Some folk remedies or herbal medicines (e.g., Job's tears) are said to be effective for warts, but they are not commonly used in clinical practice as their reproducibility has not been medically proven. Although warts sometimes disappear naturally, early treatment is recommended to prevent them from growing larger or spreading.
Various types of benign skin tumors can appear on the face and body.
- Skin Tags: Soft skin growths commonly found on the neck or armpits. Attempts to remove them at home by tying them with string can cause secondary infections or scars and are very dangerous. It is best to visit a clinic as they can be safely removed with a simple procedure.
- Moles: Their depth varies depending on their shape and color. Black or brown moles are often located at the epidermal-dermal junction, while skin-colored raised moles may be deeper. Laser removal is common, and for congenital deep moles, surgical methods may be considered in some cases.
- Lipoma: A benign tumor formed by a cluster of fatty tissue under the skin. It is removed surgically, and while recurrence is possible, it does not recur in all cases. It can be treated at a dermatology clinic or a surgical clinic.
- Ear Canal Milium: Milium that occurs on the outer ear, such as the auricle, can be removed at a dermatology clinic. For deep areas inside the ear, an ENT consultation may be necessary.
Things to Know When Treating Benign Skin Tumors
If you are planning treatment for benign skin tumors, there are a few things to consider.
- Possibility of treating multiple types at once: If you have syringoma, milium, warts, etc., on your face, it is possible to treat them all at once using the same type of laser. However, the laser irradiation method may vary depending on the type and depth of each lesion.
- Pain Management: Pain may accompany treatment depending on the depth, but it is usually controlled to a stinging discomfort through topical anesthesia. Anesthesia methods can also be adjusted for those sensitive to pain.
- Possibility of Recurrence: Benign skin tumors can recur even after removal. This is because the roots may be deep, or in the case of viral diseases, residual viruses may remain. While perfect prevention of recurrence is difficult, consistent management and early treatment can lower the recurrence rate.
- Dangers of Self-Treatment: Arbitrary use of over-the-counter ointments or folk remedies can cause side effects such as scars or secondary infections. It is especially important not to use them without consulting a specialist for sensitive areas like the face.
- Post-Treatment Care: After laser treatment, microscopic wounds occur on the skin, so if there is redness or concern about pigmentation, using a whitening ointment or scar removal ointment may be helpful. Also, treated areas become vulnerable to UV rays, so diligent application of sunscreen is essential.
